THE STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING A NO-NUCLEAR, LOW-CARBON, HIGHLY-EFFICIENT
AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE
Объяснение
Документа на
русском
(готовится)
STOP CLIMATE CRISIS STOP NUCLEAR POWER!
Michael Mariotte, Nuclear
Information and Resource Service www.nirs.org
OCTOBER 7, 2006 There should no longer be any doubt
that addressing the climate crisis and achieving energy security can be done without
use of nuclear power. In fact, far from helping with climatechange, increasing
the use of nuclear power would make it more difficult to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions in a timely manner and at a realistic cost. Our choice is clear: we
can address the climate crisis or we can have more nuclear power. We can't do
both. Fortunately, the choice is an easy one.
If your organization would like to sign on to the
Sustainable Energy Blueprint, please contact Ken Bossong at kbossong@hotmail.com. A formatted version of the
Blueprint is available on NIRS website (www.nirs.org
<http://www.nirs.org/>).
Individuals: don't forget to sign
the Petition for a Sustainable Energy Future at : tp://www.nirs.org/petition/index.php?r=ft
and invite your
friends and colleagues to sign as well!
Sustainable
Energy Blueprint
145 Organizations Release
"Sustainable Energy Blueprint" To Phase Out Nuclear Power, End Energy
Imports,
And Slash Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
WASHINGTON DC. A press release that went out October
7. Today, 145 businesses, environmental organizations, and other groups
(representing 37 states) released the "Sustainable Energy Blueprint a
policy paper that outlines a "plausible strategy for achieving a
no-nuclear, low-carbon, highly-efficient and sustainable energy future."
It provides a timeframe and series of policy
recommendations for rapidly expanding the use of energy efficient and renewable
energy technologies to enable a dramatic reduction in greenhouse gases while
simultaneously phasing out nuclear power and ending most energy imports.
The "Sustainable Energy Blueprint" argues
that three primary, longer-term objectives for the nation's energy policy
should be:
1.) reducing greenhouse gas emissions to a level
consistent with a world-wide goal of global climate stabilization (assumes
curbing U.S. CO2 emissions by 60-80% from current levels by mid-century);
2.) eliminating U.S. energy imports (i.e., oil and
natural gas now 58% and 15% respectively), while reducing overall use of oil
and natural gas;
3.) Phasing out the current generation of nuclear
power while substantially curbing the production and consumption of fossil
fuels, by increasing the use of energy efficiency and making a transition to
sustainable, environmentally safer renewable energy sources.
Towards this end, it suggests a 2025 energy scenario
in which total energy use is reduced by 20%, renewable energy provides more
than 20% of domestic energy supplies, natural gas imports are eliminated, oil
imports are cut by more than 40%, greenhouse gas emissions are 20% below
current levels, and nuclear power is almost completely phased out.
By 2050, the "Sustainable Energy Blueprint"
envisions a domestic energy mix in which energy efficiency improvements have
reduced energy use from present levels by 40%, renewable account for at least
half of total energy supplies, greenhouse gas emissions have been slashed by
two-thirds from 2005 levels, fossil fuel imports have ceased, and nuclear power
is no longer in use.
The authors of the "Sustainable Energy
Blueprint" acknowledge that the mix of options presented are intended to
be illustrative and is by no means the only combination by which the Untied
States could achieve a sustainable energy future.
In the coming months, as additional institutional
sign-on continue to be solicited, the "Sustainable Energy Blueprint" will
be forwarded to government officials, candidates for elective office, and other
persons/institutions that are looking for ideas on how to advance a sustainable
energy agenda. This will be an on-going effort over the next two years at
least through the 2008 presidential election.
The full text of the "Sustainable Energy
Blueprint," including a state-by-state listing of the organizations that
have signed to date, follows (and is attached along with the text of this news
release).
** The
Sustainable Energy Network is a network of 300+ organizations, businesses, and
individual advocates promoting aggressive deployment of renewable energy and
energy efficient technologies as a strategy for phasing-out nuclear power,
eliminating energy imports, and making deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
SUSTAINABLE
ENERGY BLUEPRINT
A PLAUSIBLE STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING A NO-NUCLEAR, LOW-CARBON,
HIGHLY-EFFICIENT AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE
The following statement outlines an ambitious but
doable strategy for dramatically reducing U.S. greenhouse gas emissions,
phasing out nuclear power, and ending energy imports while simultaneously
creating new domestic jobs and businesses, improving energy, homeland, and
national security and the economy, and enhancing the environment and public
health.
Objectives:
The three primary, longer-term objectives for the
nation's energy policy should be:
1.) reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a level
consistent with a world-wide goal of global climate stabilization (assumes
curbing U.S. CO2 emissions by 60-80% from current levels by mid-century);
2.) eliminate U.S. energy imports (i.e., oil and
natural gas now 58% and 15% respectively), while reducing overall use of oil
and natural gas;
3.) phase out the current generation of nuclear power
while substantially curbing the production and consumption of fossil fuels, by
increasing the use of energy efficiency and making a transition to sustainable,
environmentally safer renewable energy sources.
Targets:
The following targets approximate what is technically
and economically feasible given the necessary policy support and leadership as
well as what would likely be necessary if the above-listed objectives are to be
achieved.
By 2025
1.) reduce total energy consumption by at least one
percent/year from 2005 levels, through efficiency improvements in housing,
manufacturing, vehicles, airplanes, government facilities, and businesses, so
that by 2025, U.S. energy use totals no more than about 80 quads.
2.) increase from 2005 levels, production of renewable
energy from bio fuels, biomass, geothermal, hydropower (and other water power
sources), solar, and wind plus renewably-based hydrogen in an environmentally
responsible manner by about 0.5 quads/year so that by 2025 renewable provide
at least 17 quads.
3.) phase out the current generation of nuclear power
plants by not re licensing currently existing reactors and not building new
ones.
4.) reduce oil consumption by at least one percent/year
below 2005 levels so that by 2025, U.S. oil imports are no more than one-third
of total petroleum use.
5.) reduce natural gas consumption by one percent/year
below 2005 levels so that by 2025, the U.S. will no longer be importing any
natural gas.
6.) reduce coal consumption by at least one
percent/year below 2005 levels
7.) reduce carbon dioxide and other GHG emissions by
at least one percent/year so that by 2025 they are at least 20% below current
levels.
By 2050
1.) continue to reduce total energy consumption by at
least one percent/year below 2005 levels through efficiency improvements so
that by 2050, total U.S. energy use is no more than 60 quads.
2.) continue to expand use of renewable energy sources
by at least 0.5quads per year from 2005 levels so that by 2050, renewable
contribute at least 30 quads to the nation's energy supply.
3.) continue to reduce oil consumption by at least two
percent/year below 2005 levels so that by 2050, oil imports will be eliminated
and total oil use is no more than one-fifth of today's levels.
4.) continue to reduce coal consumption by at least
one percent/year below 2005 levels and phase out all single-cycle pulverized
coal power plants, so that by 2050, coal consumption is no more than one-third
of today's levels.
5.) continue to reduce natural gas consumption by
about one percent/year below 2005 levels so that by 2050, natural gas
consumption is one-third below today's levels.
6.) continue to reduce carbon dioxide emissions so
that by 2050, they are no more than one-third of current levels.
Tables:
The following tables provide estimate of what the
nation's energy mix would be if the above-listed targets are realized.
2005 Energy Consumption (quadrillion BTUs) 23.0 Coal
16.5 Oil (Domestic) 23.0 Oil (Imports) 19.0 Natural Gas (Domestic) 3.5
Natural Gas (Imports) 8.0 Nuclear 7.0 Renew able 100.0 Total CO2
Emissions 6,000 million metric tons.
2025 Energy Consumption (quadrillion BTUs)
18.0 Coal 15.5 Oil (Domestic) 11.5 Oil (Imports)
18.0 Natural Gas (Domestic) 0.0 Natural Gas (Imports) 1.0 Nuclear 17.0
Renew able 81.0 Total CO2 Emissions <4,800 million metric tons
2050 Energy Consumption (quadrillion BTUs) 8.0 Coal
8.0 Oil (Domestic) 0.0 Oil (Imports) 14.0 Natural Gas (Domestic) 0.0
Natural Gas (Imports) 0.0 Nuclear 30.0 Renew able 60.0 Total CO2
Emissions 2,000 million metric tons.
Proposed Policy Initiatives:
The following policy initiatives are not exhaustive
but are illustrative of the type necessary to realize the targets and
objectives outlined above.
1.) By 2025, fuel economy standards for cars and
trucks should be at least double what they are today, beginning with a 50%
increase in fuel economy for new vehicles by the year 2015.
2.) By 2025, total annual person-miles traveled by
automobile and truck should be back to levels no higher than today through
expansion of mass transit, better land use planning, telecommuting, etc.
3.) By 2025, no less than 25 percent of the nation's
liquid transportation fuels should be provided, or displaced, by renewable
sources, including renewably-generated hydrogen.
4.) By 2025, no less than 25 percent of the nation's
electricity should be mandated to be generated by renewable energy sources and
increased by at least one percent/year thereafter.
5.) By 2025, state and/or federal standards should
mandate that the energy efficiency of appliances, motors, and lighting should
be improved by no less than 20 percent as measured on a total fuel cycle basis.
6.) By 2025, state and/or federal standards should
mandate that 20 percent of all new buildings must be zero energy buildings
(moving towards a goal of all new buildings being zero energy by 2050), using a
combination of efficient design and clean on-site energy production;
7.) By 2025, energy use in the electricity sector
should be reduced by at least 10 percent through the use of clean distributed
generation such as combined heat & power, district energy, fuel cells, and
improved energy storage and transmission technologies.
8.) Energy efficiency resource standards for electric
and gas utilities should be established with a target savings of at least one
percent of annual sales each year, on an incremental basis, such that savings
build on previous years' impacts.
9.) Expansion of renewable energy, energy efficiency
and clean distributed generation technologies should be promoted through
national interconnection standards i.e., (net metering and transmission access
reforms), production and investment tax incentives, government procurement,
updated resource assessment, and state and local planning programs.
10.) Annual federal funding for the research,
development, and deployment of energy efficient and renewable energy
technologies should be at least doubled over the next five years and expanded
to no less than five times current levels by 2025.
11.) Funding to support sustainable energy budget
outlays and tax incentives, as well as to alleviate low-income consumer
impacts, should be drawn from a mix of gradually increased dedicated taxes on
carbon-based fuels, energy imports, and fossil fuel leases on federal lands.
12.) Any new coal-based power plants should be
required to achieve energy efficiency and environmental performance equal to,
or better than, the best-available Integrated Combined Cycle Coal Gasification
technology, and must include full and permanent carbon capture and
sequestration.
13.) Unless all of the following conditions are
satisfied, licenses for existing nuclear power plants should not be renewed or
extended and federal nuclear funds should be directed towards plant
decommissioning and waste clean-up, storage & disposal:
a) greenhouse gas emissions from the nuclear fuel
cycle are reduced by 60 percent;
b) designs are developed for passively-safe reactors
that cannot meltdown, explode, or release radioactivity, under any conditions,
including direct hits from bombs, aircraft impacts, earthquakes, floods, or
terrorist acts;
c) radiation exposure standards are established that
ensure no radiation exposure hazards to workers or the public;
d) waste handling and disposal technologies are developed
that preclude the need for long-distance waste transport or long-term storage;
e) fuel cycle and waste handling technologies are
developed that preclude any risk of nuclear weapons proliferation or theft of
potentially fissionable materials; and
f) private liability per nuclear power plant under the
Price-Anderson Act is increased to no less than $50 billion.
http://www.nirs.org/alternatives/sustainableenergyblueprint.pdf
ENDORSEMENTS TO DATE:
ARIZONA
Airwaterearth Org. Frank C. Subjeck
Ecosa Institute William Ozier, Operations Manager
High Performance Building Team Tom Kociemba
North East Arizona Energy Services Company Larry E.
Bell, President
Solar Institute Paul Huddy, Director
Sustainable Arizona John F. Neville, President
ARKANSAS
Arkansas Renewable Energy Association William Ball
CALIFORNIA
Alliance for Nuclear Responsibility Rochelle Becker,
Executive Director
American Association for Fuel Cells Thomas Dickerman
American Society of International Law - International
Environmental Law
Group Dr. Wil Burns, Co-Chair
California Communities Against Toxics Jane Williams,
Executive Director
Community Environmental Council Tam Hunt
Donald Aiken Associates Donald Aitken, Ph.D.,
Principal Barbara Harwood,
Co-Principal
Environmental Priorities Network Lillian Light,
President
Geothermal Education Office Marilyn Nemzer, Executive
Director
Global Possibilities Casey Coates Danson, President
Loving Earth Gardens Nicole Paul, Co-director
Occidental Arts and Ecology Center Phil Tymon
organicARCHITECT Eric Corey Freed, Architect -
Principal,
Redwood Alliance Michael Welch
San Luis Sustainability Group Kenneth Haggard,
Principal
Sierra Solar Systems Jonathan Hill, Solar Applications
Engineer
Sustainable Energy Solutions Bernhard O. Voelkelt
Tahoe Solar Designs Leslie Ames
Tri-Valley CAREs (Communities Against a Radioactive
Environment) Marylia
Kelley, Executive Director
COLORADO
Colorado Energy Group George Burmeister, President
Clean Energy Action (of Colorado) Leslie Glustrom
EarthNest Institute Nicole V. Langley, Director
Jews Of The Earth Daniel Ziskin, PhD; President
StEPP Foundation Bruce Dines
SunJuice Solar LLC Alison Mason, Owner
CONNECTICUT
Canton Advocates for Responsible Expansion, Inc. Jane
Latus
Environmental Energy Solutions Joel N. Gordes
People's Action for Clean energy Judi Friedman, Chair
DELAWARE
Green Delaware Alan Muller, Executive Director
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Environmental & Energy Study Institute Carol
Werner, Executive Director
Greenpeace U.S.A. John Coequyt
New Uses Council William Holmberg, Executive Director
Public Citizen's Critical Mass Energy Project Michele
Boyd
The Stella Group, Ltd. Scott Sklar, President
SUN DAY Campaign Ken Bossong, Executive Director
Throwplace.com/Throwplace Ltd. Donna Lomangino, President
FLORIDA
Safe Earth Alliance Dr. Dorthy K. Cinquemani, Chair
Space Coast Progressive Alliance Cammie Donaldson,
President
Windhunter Corporation David Nicholson, President
GEORGIA
Nuclear Watch South Glenn Carroll, Coordinator
IDAHO
Snake River Alliance Jeremy Maxand, Executive Director
ILLINOIS
Chicago Media Watch Margaret Nagel
New Community Project David Radcliff, Director
No New Nukes Carolyn Treadway
Nuclear Energy Information Service Dave Kraft,
Director
KANSAS
Kansas Natural Resource Council Robert Haughawout,
President
KENTUCKY
Coalition for Health Concern, Inc. Corinne Whitehead
Yggdrasil (project of Earth Island Institute) Mary
Davis, Director
LOUISIANA
Alliance for Affordable Energy Linda Stone, Executive
Director
Louisiana Solar Energy Society Jeff Shaw, Director
MAINE
Cheaper, Safer Power William S. Linnell, Spokesperson
Global Network Against Weapons & Nuclear Power in
Space Bruce K. Gagnon,
Coordinator
Maine Solar Energy Association Richard Komp PhD,
President
MARYLAND
Anacostia Watershed Society Robert E. Boone, President
Chesapeake Wind & Solar LLC Richard E.
Deutschmann, PE, Principal
Partner
MD-DC-VA Solar Energy Industries Association Peter
Lowenthal, Director
Maryland United for Peace and Justice, Inc. Paulette
Hammond,
Co-convenor
Nuclear Information & Resource Service Michael
Mariotte, Executive
Director
Nuclear Policy Research Institute Julie R. Enszer,
Executive Director
MASSACHUSETTS
C-10 Foundation Sandra Gavutis, Executive Director
Cape & Islands Self-Reliance Richard Lawrence,
Director of Special
Projects & Education
Chris Fried Solar Chris Fried, Principal
Citizens Awareness Network Deb Katz
Northeast Organic Farming Association / Mass Chapter
Julie Rawson,
Executive Director; Frank Albani, President
Northeast Sustainable Energy Association Nancy Hazard,
(former)
Executive Director
Solar Design Associates, Inc. Steven and Marilyn
Strong, Principals
MICHIGAN
Citizens' Resistance at Fermi Two Keith Gunter
Coalition for a Nuclear Free Great Lakes Michael J.
Keegan
Don't Waste Michigan Alice Hirt, Corrine Carey
Home for Peace and Justice Joan McCoy, Co-ordinator
Michigan Environmental Council Lana Pollack, President
MINNESOTA
Prairie Island Coalition Bruce A Drew, Steering
Committee
MISSOURI
Missourians for Safe Energy Mark Haim
MONTANA
Oasis Montana Inc. Chris Daum
Sunelco, The Sun Electric Company, Inc. Tom Bishop,
President
NEVADA
Aqua Sun International Greg Hanson, President
Citizen Alert Peggy Maze Johnson, Executive Director
Nevada Conservation League Scot Rutledge, Executive
Director
Nevada Nuclear Waste Task Force Judy Treichel,
Executive Director
NEW HAMPSHIRE
RenewableEnergyAccess.com Jim Callihan, President
& CoFounder
Roy Morrison & Associates, LCC Roy Morrison
NEW JERSEY
Coalition for Global Warming Solutions Carlos Rymer
Coalition for Peace and Justice UNPLUG Salem Campaign
Norm Cohen,
Director
NEW MEXICO
ABUZZ Media Robert Andruszkiewicz
Citizens Nuclear Information Center Lee Cheney,
Founder
Rainshine Unlimited LLC Rain Lee
Sustainable World James C. Wernicke, P.E., LEED AP;
President
NEW YORK
Bright Power Inc. Jeff Perlman, President
Citizens Regional Transit Corporation Gladys Gifford,
President
Council on Intelligent Energy & Conservation
Policy Michel Lee, Esq.;
Chairman
Eco-NRG Ron Leonard Owner
Law Offices of Stephen Filler Stephen Filler
New York Solar Energy Industries Association Christine
Donovan,
Executive Vice President
Renewable Energy Long Island Gordian Raacke, Executive
Director
Rochester Solar Technologies LLC Shawn Lessord,
President
Rockland Friends United for Safe Energy Susan Shapiro,
Esq.
Salem Financial, Inc J. Peter Lynch, President
Solar and Wind FX Inc. Chris Schaefer
SustainableBusiness.com Rona Fried, President
Tristate Solar Inc Douglas F Roether V.P.; N.Y.C.
Licensed Master
Electrician
Wellness Institute of Greater Buffalo Justin S. Booth
MS
NORTH CAROLINA
Canary Coalition Avram Friedman, Executive Director
Charlotte Area Green Party North Carolina Green Party
Kathryn Kuppers, Clerk
EnergyXchange Sarah Hoyle
Long Branch Environmental Education Center Art Horn,
President Board of Directors
North Carolina Citizens Research Group Wells Eddleman,
Staff Scientist
Unitarian Universalist Church of Asheville Jean
Larson, Peace and
Environment Team co-chair
OHIO
Farmers Green Power Harvey Wasserman
Ohio Partners for Affordable Energy Dave Rinebolt,
Executive Director
and Counsel
R.A.Energy International, Inc Qadwi Bey
OKLAHOMA
Bergey Windpower Co. Mike Bergey, President
OREGON
3EStrategies Cylvia Hayes, Executive Director
PENNSYLVANIA
Citizen Power David Hughes, Executive Director
Common Sense Energy James Friar
Concern About Radiation In the Environment Karen
Prather
EFMR Monitoring Group Eric Epstein, Coordinator
SunPower Builders Jon Costanza
Three Mile Island Alert, Inc., Kay Pickering and Bill
Cologie
RHODE ISLAND
U.S.A. Nica Windpower, Inc. Wm. Wharton Smith III
SOUTH CAROLINA
Carolina Peace Resource Center Allison Peeler, Nuclear
Issues Coordinator
UTAH
Shundahai Network Pete Litster, Executive Director;
Eileen McCabe,
Associate Director
VERMONT
Global Resource Options, Inc. Jeffery D. Wolfe, P.E.,
Vice President
New England Coalition Sally Shaw
Sustainable Energy Resource Group Bob Walker
Vermont Energy Investment Corporation Beth Sachs,
Executive Director
Vermont Solar Energy Association Clay Turnbull
VIRGINIA
Bob Lawrence & Associates Bob Lawrence, President
Collaborations Scott Denman
Precursor Systems, Inc. Aviv Goldsmith, President
WASHINGTON
Black Mountain Technology Susan Petty
Port Orchard United Methodist Church Rev. C. Scott
Harrison
Waste Action Project Greg Wingard, Executive Director
WISCONSIN
Citizens Utility Board of Wisconsin Charlie Higley,
Executive Director
Great Northern Solar Christopher LaForge
Midwest Renewable Energy Association Tehri Parker,
Executive Director
Wisconsin Energy Conservation Corporation Janet
Brandt, Executive
Director
LUCH 2006